Pencils for dolls
Goal: To instill in children empathy for game characters and arouse a desire to help them. Practice rolling lumps of plasticine between your palms with straight movements; learn to give them the shape of a pencil. Strengthen knowledge of colors.
Material: Empty boxes of colored pencils, plasticine.
Progress of the lesson
Creating gaming motivation. Before class, empty boxes of colored pencils are placed next to the dolls. On behalf of the dolls, the teacher conveys their request: they would really like to have pencils. There are empty boxes, but no pencils.
The teacher invites the children to help the dolls. Children take empty boxes and take a place at the work tables.
Children are already familiar with the technique of rolling plasticine between their palms with straight movements. Therefore, you can attract those who have mastered it to the show. The teacher only shows the children how one of the ends of the sculpted column is slightly squeezed with the fingers to give it the shape of the sharpened side of a pencil.
To consolidate the names of already known colors, the teacher, on behalf of the toys, asks someone what color pencil he made. In case of difficulty, the teacher names the color of the pencil.
Games with plasticine for the development of fine motor skills in children with disabilities
Games with plasticine for the development of fine motor skills in students with disabilities (intellectual disabilities)
Author: Olga Evgenievna Muravyova, primary school teacher, OKOU “Boarding School No. 5”, Kursk. Description: The development contains a description of work experience in developing creative abilities in students with disabilities (intellectual disabilities). This article may be useful for educators, primary school teachers, and parents of students. The goal of developing creative abilities in students with disabilities is aimed at ensuring their spiritual and moral development and education, socialization, family and professional guidance. Objectives: 1. Contribute to the correction of defects in the mental and physical development of students with disabilities.
2. Develop sculpting skills and use different techniques. Progress of the lesson
Children with disabilities
are children who have serious deviations in mental development, and as a result, deviations in development and behavior.
These children need the attentive, kind attitude of adults, and first of all, a teacher. With such children, systematic, consistent work and great patience are needed. Plasticine provides unique opportunities to play interesting and useful games. Modeling
is an interesting and useful activity that all children love; it is an excellent way to develop fine motor skills, muscles and coordination of both hands, develops spatial thinking, imagination, and finger coordination. The child prepares his hand to master such a complex skill as writing. This is all facilitated by good muscle load of the fingers. One of the undoubted advantages of plasticineography classes with children of primary school age is the integration of subject areas of knowledge. Playing with plasticine allows you to integrate different educational areas. The topics of the classes are closely intertwined with the lives of children, with the activities that they carry out in other classes (to become familiar with the surrounding world and nature, develop speech, etc.).
In an interesting playful way, children with disabilities enrich their vocabulary. In the process of playing out the plot and performing practical actions with plasticine, there is a continuous conversation with the children. Such a playful organization of children’s activities stimulates their speech activity, causes speech imitation, the formation and activation of a vocabulary, and the child’s understanding of the speech of others. They get acquainted with works of art, poems, nursery rhymes, and finger games. Often, in drawing classes, children have the opportunity to realize their accumulated experience, knowledge and skills. For example, children must complete the missing elements of the drawing (complete the portrait, add antennae for the mouse, eyes and tail for the bunny, etc.).
Children of primary school age really enjoy working with plasticine. During manual labor and drawing lessons, I offer children the following tasks: Roll plasticine balls and decorate the dishes.
Complete the image.
Apply plasticine to the drawing using the smearing method.
Decorate the butterfly's wings with a multi-colored pattern.
Didactic game “Plasticine patches” Purpose: Development of attention and logical thinking in children with disabilities. Objectives: Teach children to select appropriate “patches” by color and size. Develop logical thinking, attention, fine motor skills. Progress of the game: Option No. 1:
(Individual work) The child is given cards with missing parts of the picture, and plasticine - the so-called “Patches”.
The child must choose the color and make the desired patch. Option No. 2:
(group game) Several children are given 1 card with missing parts. Children must pick up their “patches” faster. As practice shows, this is a very exciting game!
Drawing with plasticine is of particular interest to children. We most often return to this technique when performing such works as “Mushrooms”, “Flowers”, “Birds”, “Vegetables and Fruits”.
In my handicraft classes, I use modeling to show non-standard techniques for working with plasticine.
Applique using various types of plasticine, making three-dimensional figures from ball plasticine is a simple but unusual form of creativity. These activities improve attention and fine motor skills; develop fantasy and imagination; cultivate perseverance. Ball plasticine consists of balls and glue threads, it does not stick to fingers, is pleasant to the touch, has very bright colors and evokes a lot of positive emotions in children. When making three-dimensional figures, I introduce children to the properties of this plasticine: it can be coarse-grained and fine-grained, hardening and not hardening. Fine-grained plasticine does not hold its shape well, so I teach children to first make a base out of paper (balls, ovals), and then cover it with plasticine. In the second lesson, I give the children the opportunity to make animal figures according to their ideas or from sample pictures. During classes, some children are curious, do the work independently, and are interested in evaluation of their work. Others lack initiative and do the easiest work quickly. But I make sure that the child does not make shapeless mistakes, I force him to redo it, compare it with models. During the lesson I monitor the children’s tone. If I see that they are tired, I take a break. At the end of the lesson, together with the children, we clean the workplaces, make sure their clothes are clean, and wash their hands. To demonstrate creative abilities, it is not enough to give a child a piece of plasticine; a positive example is needed. And here I want to talk about the leading role of the teacher in this work, who must be able to draw, sculpt, and give the opportunity to observe the process of making products. These observations arouse children's interest in this type of activity and the desire to imitate an adult. The lesson consists of 4–5 parts:
1. Emotional mood 2. Reading a poem or looking at illustrations on the topic of the lesson, showing a sample. 3. Finger gymnastics. 4. Explanation of the task. 5. Direct work. The specifics of the classes are determined by their characteristics: the speed of onset of fatigue, dullness of the reaction to the instructions of an adult. Therefore, for correctional purposes, I use doing the work in parts, alternating explanation with doing the work. Switching activities increases efficiency and normalizes the pace of work. I definitely include finger exercises, the use of which is most conducive to the development of productive activity and children really like it. Finger games are very exciting. We play with our fingers - we develop speech and creative activity. Children are happy to repeat movements and develop fine motor skills. This is how you develop the ability to control your movements and coordinate your attention. A great incentive for students is the school exhibition of creative works in decorative and applied arts, where the best works are displayed.
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Exercises to prepare the hand for writing for older preschoolers
Plasticine theater
A child’s acquaintance with plasticine can take place at 8 months, or maybe after two years. But, in any case, it will most likely begin not with independent modeling, but with observation of your actions. The kid will order the production of new and new figures, will happily crush your most successful crafts, and will try to eat a piece of plasticine on occasion or throw it away.
And the parents will have to sculpt. And not just sculpt, but with enthusiasm, joy and surprise, remove a kitten or a mouse (or a snake, if sculpting is not your thing) from the house block. Luckily for many parents, no special artistic talent is required. The created figures should be so simple that in the near future even a child will be able to repeat them. But your acting skills will have to be developed. It’s good if the sculpted animal, to the delight of the baby, sings him a song, talks about his life, or asks him questions.
When the child gets comfortable with such an unusual toy, you can act out the plot of a famous fairy tale, sculpting all its characters. Moreover, it is better to sculpt as the tale progresses. For example, together with your baby you call: “Cat! Go carry the turnip” - and at the same time sculpt a figurine of a cat.
Over time, the child can become a full-fledged actor in your theater and, perhaps, he himself will want to invent and create doll figures.
Plasticine cooking
Before sculpting something himself, a child needs to learn how to make sausages and balls, cut them with a knife, and turn the balls into flat cakes. It's just not interesting to do it like that. But cooking various dishes with your mother is an exciting activity.
The baby can cut sandwiches from adult-made bread and cheese. Or flatten lumps of blanks to make cake layers. Instruct your child to roll small balls of sweets or berries, sausages. Surely the child will want to participate in decorating the dishes. Plasticine food will serve as a prop for games in a store or cafe. Or it will become a treat for visiting dolls and animals. Such a plasticine lunch is a good reason to give your child the first idea about fractions and division (of a pie or cake), to teach comparison (the number of guests and the number of sandwiches), and to practice addition and subtraction.
Summary of OOD on modeling in the senior group “Sculpting fairy-tale characters”
Cherepanova Natalya
Summary of OOD on modeling in the senior group “Sculpting fairy-tale heroes”
Goal: consolidation of knowledge of Russian folk tales .
Mastering the techniques of sculpting three-dimensional figures from dough.
Improving teamwork skills.
Continue to develop the ability to convey the characteristic movements of humans and animals, convey the shape of the main part and other parts, their proportions, posture, characteristic features of the depicted objects;
Development of imaginative thinking, imagination, creative abilities.
Cultivate perseverance and hard work.
Material for the lesson:
modeling boards , stacks, wet wipes, a collection of Russian folk tales .
Integration of educational areas:
"Reading fiction"
,
Learning colors
If the baby doesn’t yet know colors, during modeling (as during all other games and activities), constantly call them: “We’ll make an apple from red plasticine. Now give me a piece of green plasticine, it will be a leaf..."
Good plasticine will surprise even a child who can confidently navigate all the colors of the rainbow. Take 5 small pieces of red, yellow, blue, black, white. With their help, you can build the entire color palette (before showing something to your baby, check whether the plasticine really gives the right color when mixed). First, connect the primary colors in pairs and show how, in your palms, motley two-color lumps turn into green, orange and purple balls. Mixtures of white and black will add lighter and darker shades to the palette. Experiment with different mixtures and proportions with your child. All the baby needs to do is place the colorful balls on a plastic plate. With an older child, stick pieces of plasticine onto cardboard and connect each color with lines to the colors that participated in its production.
Tell and demonstrate to your child that if you mix all the colors, you will get an ugly, dirty gray or brown piece. To prevent this from happening, let your child help you sort the plasticine by color at the end of each lesson.
Educational games
If your child is a fan of all kinds of educational games, he will certainly enjoy the activities offered.
Many children will find voluminous plasticine manuals even more interesting and understandable than printed board games. Gather toy animals at the table and make suitable food for them. Several of these games, and the child will easily remember that the sheep loves grass, the cockerel loves grains, and the cat loves fish.
Another activity can be devoted to sculpting a man. Make a sausage body, attach a ball head to it and stop. Let the child advise what else to sculpt, whether one arm is enough, where to attach the leg. If the child cannot give a hint, the adult must say it himself - what he is doing and why. While studying the structure of the body, do not forget about the parts of the face. Sculpt the eyes, nose, mouth, ears. Let your child place them on his head or show you how to do it.
Make flat and three-dimensional geometric shapes. And then show how, with the help of a few additional details, the ball becomes an apple, and a few triangles become the petals of a flower. An older child will be able to lay out pictures from flat figures himself.
Another magical game is to sculpt not just static figures, but their transformations. To involve your baby in the gameplay, ask him to “pluck leaves” by pinching off pieces of plasticine and feed the caterpillar you have made. The caterpillar “eats” every leaf the child holds out, becoming longer and thicker. And then demonstrate how she hides in a cocoon and then comes out of it as a butterfly (you need to sculpt the butterfly as quickly as possible). No less fascinating will be the transformations of a flower growing from a seed or the metamorphosis of a frog.
If your classes last long enough and the child does not tend to destroy all the crafts, play generalization. Arrange all the molded figures into categories - transport, food, animals. If your child likes it, next time invite him to sort fruits and vegetables into two groups, to separate edible from inedible or domestic animals from wild ones.
A child who has been watching modeling for a long time can play riddles. Tell your child that you are about to make an animal (food, transport, flower), and let him guess who exactly you are creating before the figurine is finished.
Plasticine fantasies
The result of a child’s first attempts to make something together will most likely be something “incomprehensible-wonderful.” And it doesn't matter. Come up with a name for this creature. Bring him food, toys, and then friends. Although such games do not teach how to sculpt, they do develop imagination and freedom of creativity.
A child who is beginning to find his place among people will benefit from social games. Sculpt whole families of animals, people or fantastic creatures. Play out different situations with them. Such games will help to unobtrusively demonstrate to the child a recent conflict, rehearse an upcoming visit, and teach how to get to know and communicate with children. An adult can control all the characters, but it is better if a child takes on some role.
