Regime in kindergarten by groups - rules of nutrition, activities and rest

Requirements for the daily routine in preschool educational institutions according to SanPiN

The standard daily routine in kindergarten is designed for 12 hours, which the child spends within the preschool walls. Any adjustments are made taking into account climatic conditions, geographical location, and other factors. The regime is drawn up in accordance with sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN 2.4.12660–10. Key points:

• The kindergarten provides four meals a day with a time interval of 4 hours between meals.
• There are 2 walks in the fresh air - in the morning and after a nap. In total, walking with children requires 3–4 hours. The time spent outside is reduced at temperatures below –15 °C and wind speeds of 7 m/s.
• According to the daily schedule, nap time is 2–2.5 hours, while the teacher must be present in the bedroom and monitor the sleeping children.
• It is required to ventilate the room for less than 10 minutes. every 90 minutes If there are no children, arrange ventilation 30 minutes in advance. before they arrive from the street or classes. The air temperature should not drop more than 2–4 °C; it is important to avoid drafts.
• Bed linen in kindergarten must be changed at least once a week (according to the schedule).
• In the cold season, the teacher should meet the children in the morning in the group, in warm weather - outside (at the group site).

Diet

Kindergarten classes

In kindergarten, they develop speech skills, broaden their horizons, introduce them to the basics of mathematics and writing, instill a love of creativity and culture, and provide new knowledge. In the absence of medical contraindications, classes are conducted in the following areas:

• physical training;
• music, singing;
• art;
• mathematics;
• development of speech, logic, fine motor skills;
• preparation for school.

In kindergarten, independent games are held, when children communicate with peers, make friends, and relax. There are no more than 3 classes per day in kindergarten, with a break between them of at least 10 minutes. Lesson duration:

• junior group (children 3–4 years old) – 10 min.;
• middle group (4–5 years) – 15 minutes;
• senior group (5–6 years old) – 20 min.;
• preparatory group (6–7 years old) – 30 min.

Choosing your approach to the regime

Both a free sleep mode and a clearly established one have their pros and cons. Each parent decides for himself what is best for him and his child. How to choose the mode that is optimal for you?

• Strict regime. The child sleeps, eats, plays and walks at strictly defined times. Thanks to such predictability, internal discipline is developed and the habit of time planning is formed. Not to mention the fact that it is much more convenient for parents, especially in the first, most difficult years of a child’s life. However, a strict regime does not take into account the individual characteristics of the child and does not always correspond to his biorhythms. In addition, in this case, deviations from the daily routine negatively affect the baby’s mood and well-being. At the psychological level, a strict regime suppresses the will and desires of the child, which is not very conducive to the formation of personal independence. Free regime. This regime develops as a result of observations of the child, his characteristics and needs. Since the baby already in the first months of life shows a preference for a certain time of waking up and falling asleep, the diet, walks and games are formed on the basis of this key indicator. Thus, parents select the optimal time for sleep, feeding and walking in accordance with the child’s biorhythms, and the daily routine, one way or another, is quite orderly.

The only difference from a strict regime in this case is that the daily routine is not built on the basis of average standards proposed by specialists, but based on the individual needs of a particular baby.

The child is formed as a self-sufficient, independent person who understands that his interests are respected, which means he has value in himself, and not through obedience. The baby grows up in a comfortable environment where his physical and psychological needs are not left unattended.

Such a schedule may cause some inconvenience for parents and other family members involved in caring for the child, and also does not facilitate smooth adaptation to kindergarten with a more strict daily routine.

Daily routine in kindergarten

The daily routine in kindergarten depends on the age of the child, the specialization of the preschool educational institution, and other factors at the discretion of the teacher (methodologist, management). Activities that require increased mental stress for children are carried out in the first half of the day, alternating with physical education, music, and fine arts. This is important in order not to overload the child, to make him a comprehensively developed personality to the delight of dad and mom.

Nursery group (2–3 years)

It is important to follow the daily routine in kindergarten from the nursery on. This is necessary so that the kids adapt faster. It is important to speed up the process of getting used to the teachers and nanny so that the child does not worry and goes to kindergarten with joy every morning. Approximate daily schedule:

Junior group (3–4 years old)

Middle group (4–5 years old)

Senior (5–6 years old)

Preparatory group (6–7 years old)

Regime or freedom?

Each country has its own attitude towards the regime. For example, in Holland children are put to bed at about 7 pm, Indians finish their evening meal only at 10 pm, and in Brazil a child can “feast” with his parents until 1 am. And yet, according to the work of recent years, if the family has a well-established routine and practices early bedtimes, the likelihood that the child will be obedient is much higher.

Research shows that a clear and strict routine does not affect a child's success in school. But it increases the baby’s social adaptability and calmness.

• New arguments in favor of the regime were published in a study by British scientists (Millennium Cohort Study). About 10,000 babies and their mothers took part in the survey, and at each age stage - 3, 5 and 7 years old - the results were similar: children who went to bed late and/or did not follow the schedule were more irritable and often hyperactive, and those who Those who went to bed according to a clear schedule turned out to be much calmer and socially adapted. Moreover, if the regime was absent at 3 years of age, but introduced at a later age, the child’s behavior invariably improved.
• These days, you can often find parents who regularly go out late at night with their younger children. The advantages of this situation are completely obvious: mom and dad do not suffer from isolation and lead a busy life, and children get used to communicating with different people and gain new experiences. In addition, a free schedule allows you to adapt to the individual characteristics of the child: some need more time to sleep, others less.
• No matter how free-thinking the idea of ​​a free schedule may seem to strict parents, in fact, almost all children develop their own specific schedule already in the first weeks of life. Parents with a free-roam philosophy simply follow their baby's natural biorhythms rather than setting a strict sleep and meal schedule. In this case, adults learn to be attentive to the child’s needs, catching changes in his mood and well-being in time and responding to them.
• There is no official sleep standard; you can easily determine it for your child yourself if you allow him to sleep in the morning and afternoon as much as he wants. Many doctors claim that this norm for a child from one to 4 years old is on average 12–14 hours a day, although, of course, much depends on the individual characteristics of a particular child.

In the case of a strict regime, the problem is that sooner or later every second or third child living according to such a schedule decides to rebel. This is real statistics cited by Western sleep experts.

Guidelines when choosing a mode “for yourself”

A strict regime does not contribute to the development of a child in complete harmony with himself and the outside world.

A free schedule, on the contrary, is psychologically comfortable for the baby. Of course, in some situations it may be necessary to wake up your baby at a certain time. A good solution in this case would be to wake up in the REM sleep phase (active eye movements, body twitching, forced breathing). From the deep sleep phase (even breathing, no movement), the child will emerge dissatisfied, nervous and capricious. If it is difficult to put the baby to bed in the evening, parents need to make sure that by the desired bedtime he is tired from an evening walk with active games.

The individual characteristics of the baby, his biorhythms, character, temperament, as well as the needs and capabilities of the parents - at the intersection of these initial data, a reasonable compromise must be sought.

Without going to the extremes of a strict regime and a “no regime” regime, let’s talk about the advantages of a clear daily routine, because they still exist.

It has been noticed that a child who has a thoughtful, correctly drawn up daily routine:

• Cheerful and active;
• Balanced and in a good mood;
• Perceives and assimilates information better;
• Open to learning new skills;
• Socially active and friendly towards others.

An important argument in favor of the regime is the following observation: if a child adheres to a routine daily routine from an early age, it is later easier for him to adapt to the regime adopted in kindergarten and school.

Experts say that in the first years of life a baby is very sensitive to even small deviations from the established schedule. With a lack of sleep or increased physical and mental stress, his mood and behavior change. As the cerebral cortex matures and its functions improve, the child’s ability to adapt increases, but this does not mean that the daily routine can be canceled.

Maintaining a well-established daily routine at home helps the baby adapt to constantly changing environmental conditions more safely, calmly and without overwork.

If you decide to stick to the regime, when creating your daily routine, remember:

• The schedule should be flexible, reasonable and as focused as possible on the interests and needs of your child;
• The upper and lower limits of periods of wakefulness should be determined not by norms, but by the characteristics of your child’s particular nervous system, including its flexibility and performance;
• Sleep should be distributed throughout the day so that the baby’s nervous system receives complete rest;
• The periods of sleep, wakefulness, feeding, games and walks are established in such a sequence that they do not contradict each other, but, on the contrary, flow harmoniously into one another.