Abstract of GCD on the topic: Planting flower seedlings. Senior group

Planting flowers

Prepared by teacher: Olga Borisovna Egorenko

MBDOU DS No. 53 “Fairy Tale”, Chelyabinsk region, Ozersk city

Summary of GCD in the middle group “Planting flowers from seeds”

Educational field: Cognitive development (experimental activities).

Integration of educational areas: “Cognition”, “Communication”, “Socialization”, “Labor”.

Types of children's activities: cognitive-research, communicative, play, work.

Target:

Development of children's ideas about the life of a plant, its reproduction, structure.

Tasks:

1. Expand children’s understanding of flowers and how to reproduce them. Give children the opportunity to put into practice their acquired knowledge about growing (reproducing) flowers.

2. Activate children’s speech activity, exercise the ability to form nouns with diminutive suffixes, construct complex sentences, and practically use the preposition U. Develop auditory attention, memory, thinking, fine motor skills, coordination of speech with movement.

3. Develop a caring attitude towards the surrounding nature, a desire to grow a plant from seeds yourself. To instill in children neatness when doing work, to teach them to put the equipment they use in order after finishing work.

Preliminary work:

Conversations about plants, looking at illustrations of flowers, reading poems about spring flowers, practical activities - planting onions, creating parcels, letters.

Equipment:

A poster depicting a variety of flowers, a “magic bag”, containers for planting seeds with soil, watering cans with water, sticks for loosening the soil, flower seeds, aprons and cups according to the number of children, oilcloth, a picture of a part of a flower, a diagram of planting seeds, items for the game “Choose what you need”, “Magic bag”.

Progress of the lesson:

(Knock on the door) - Someone's knocking, guys! Who could it be? I'll go and have a look. They sent us a letter and a parcel (the children are standing around me).

Who sent this to us? Let's find out what they write to us.

I read the letter:

“Hello, dear guys from group 8. We residents of the “Flower City” love flowers very much. There are a lot of them growing in our magical city. They are different, but all very beautiful. We know that you are hardworking guys and love flowers. And that’s why we want to give you a gift. And you will receive it if you complete our tasks."

-Do you guys want to receive a gift? Then try your best.

Exercise 1

guess the name of the flower

Timing for sowing vegetable seeds in open ground

All spring crops of vegetables in open ground garden beds are conventionally divided into 3 groups. When and what to plant in the ground in Siberia:

Early spring sowings (from March 16 to April 15)

This group includes crops that do not have high lighting requirements. Sowing of greens and some vegetables is carried out in stages, every 10-16 days, in order to extend the period of fresh harvest.

List of crops that can be planted in Siberia at +4 degrees in a ten-centimeter layer of soil:

Vegetable plants related to green and spicy flavors:

• celery;
• dill;
• mustard;
• coriander;
• fennel;
• parsnip;
• asparagus;
• parsley;
• Melissa.

Leafy vegetables that form an above-ground crop:

• early cauliflower;
• salad;
• spinach;
• peas;
• rhubarb;
• broccoli;
• horseradish;
• early white cabbage.

Bulbs and root vegetables:

• onion sets;
• early carrots;
• turnip;
• swede;
• radish;
• radish;
• nigella onion.

Mid-spring crops (from April 16 to May 20)

The sowing date for vegetables is also adjusted by spring weather. In a chilly and wet spring, it is usually moved a week later. Crops belonging to this group are also sown in stages, every 10-16 days, in order to organize a conveyor supply of fresh products.

After waiting until the soil in the root zone warms up to +5 degrees or more, you can begin to sow:

Green vegetable plants:

• chicory;
• leaf type celery;
• celery root.

Other vegetables:

• medium white cabbage;
• beans;
• savoy cabbage;
• onion sets;
• leek;
• early and medium potatoes;
• Kohlrabi cabbage;
• spring garlic;
• Brussels sprouts;
• beans;
• red cabbage;
• vegetable corn;
• medium carrots;
• beet.

Late spring sowing (from May 21 to June 15)

Sowing of such crops begins when stable warm weather has established and the threat of recurrent night frosts has passed. In Siberia, this happens at the start of the second ten days of June. At this point, the soil in the root layer is heated to +12..17 degrees.

During this period of time, the following crops are planted in the Siberian regions:

• tomatoes;
• zucchini;
• beans;
• cucumber;
• basil;
• pepper;
• marjoram;
• eggplant;
• melon;
• pumpkin;
• watermelon.

Attention! If there is a goal to shift the sowing date of certain crops to an earlier date, it is necessary to insulate the beds and build shelters.

Common mistakes

There are a number of mistakes that inexperienced summer residents often make:

1. Landing on an unfavorable day according to the lunar calendar. In winter, seeds germinate extremely poorly, and the wrong time only aggravates the situation.
2. Unlucky variety. You should not plant early-ripening specimens in January; it is better to give preference to large-fruited, resistant late-ripening varieties.
3. Ignoring pre-sowing treatment. The best germination of grains that have been treated in a solution that stimulates growth.
4. Incorrect care. Seedlings are extremely susceptible to conditions. It is important to provide it with good lighting and regular irrigation.

When is it not worth sowing tomatoes for seedlings in January 2022 according to the lunar calendar?

There are times when you should not plant a vegetable crop, since the percentage of seed germination is too low. It is worth refraining from working during the full, new moon, as well as the day before and after the onset of these phases. Bad days are considered to be those when the moon enters the sign of Aquarius.

Using the lunar calendar, you can easily navigate the time that is unfavorable for sowing. In the first month of the year, it is highly undesirable to plant tomatoes 1 - 3, 16 - 19, 21, 22, 25, 26, 30, 31.

Methods for growing tomatoes that require sowing in January

As mentioned above, sowing seedlings in January is advisable for greenhouse cultivation.

There are two ways to get tomato seedlings.

1. The first involves growing in a common box. Soil is poured into the container, moistened, and furrows are made in which to sow. A distance of 2–3 cm is left between the grains. Afterwards, greenhouse conditions for germination are created using a film in which the container is wrapped.
2. In the second case, in each cup (peat or plastic, a peat tablet is also suitable) you need to plant 2-3 seeds to a depth of 2 cm. Then the container is also covered with film.

Caring for tomatoes sown in January

Tomatoes are considered a rather capricious vegetable crop, so they need to be cared for in compliance with certain agrotechnical rules. It is better to familiarize yourself with them before sowing the seeds.

Temperature and lighting

The ideal temperature before sprouts appear is +23 degrees. Afterwards +18+20 degrees will be enough.

Daylight hours should be at least 12 hours; if it is less, then additional lighting should be provided.

Watering and fertilizing

It is necessary to moisten the soil as it dries. It is best to do this with a spray bottle. After emergence of seedlings, water at the roots.

Feeding is carried out once a week. A solution of superphosphate is used as fertilizer. Prepare the product at the rate of 1 tbsp. spoon of component per 5 liters of water.

Picking

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All sprouts on which more than two full-fledged leaves have formed are subject to the procedure. This usually happens 2 weeks after sowing. Shoots should be removed with special care to avoid damaging the roots. Deepening into a new container is carried out to the level of the lower leaves.

ON A NOTE. If you sowed the grains directly into separate containers, then there is no need to dive.

Lunar calendar for sowing tomatoes in January for every day, table

The table will help you determine the date.

When to plant tomatoes for seedlings in January 2022 according to the lunar calendar, favorable days

When choosing a planting date for tomatoes, experts recommend following the lunar calendar.

There are several recommendations on how to properly interact with the calendar:

• activities related to sowing work are carried out strictly on the waxing moon;
• when the moon is waning, planting seeds is carried out in exceptional situations, although it is not contraindicated;
• It is strictly forbidden to plant on the full moon and on the new moon;
• the phase in which the luminary is in the sign of Aquarius is considered an unlucky time;
• During the new moon, it is better to refrain from planting seed material, as well as the day before and after it.

According to the lunar calendar, the most successful time for obtaining tomato seedlings is considered to be from January 4 to January 15, inclusive.

It is also permissible to sow seeds on the dying moon from the 20th to the 30th, but the seedlings will be a little worse.

What varieties of tomatoes are sown for seedlings in January

Most often, when starting tomato cultivation in January, preference is given to late-ripening tomato varieties. They are characterized by a long growing season, slow growth and late fruiting.

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This choice, among other things, is due to the fact that by the time the seedlings are transplanted into an open bed, they will have fully developed, so the adaptation period will pass quickly and unnoticed.

Preference is given to varieties:

• Bull's Heart;
• Russian size;
• Altaic;
• Sugar giant.

If you have a heated greenhouse or greenhouse, it is allowed to sow early ripening varieties, then the harvest can be harvested 90 days after planting. Early ripening tomatoes include:

• Maksimka;
• Sanka;
• Far North;
• Lyana.

ATTENTION! When sowing in winter, seed germination is much worse. It must be pre-prepared: soak in a solution that stimulates growth. The products Epin and Zircon have proven themselves well.

Features of sowing tomatoes for seedlings in January

It is necessary to prepare in advance for winter planting. It is necessary to sow tomatoes in January taking into account certain rules. First you need to tackle the soil. You can prepare the soil yourself from the following components:

• turf land - 1 part;
• garden soil - 1 part;
• peat – 4 parts;
• mullein – ¼ part.

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It is important to pre-heat the soil or freeze it well, this will help disinfect the substrate.

ON A NOTE. If you do not want to prepare the substrate yourself, you can buy a ready-made one in the store. It’s called “for seedlings”.

Afterwards, the soil is poured into a common container or plastic cups or other containers. In the first case, it is necessary to make grooves, their depth should be about 1 cm. A distance of 2 - 3 cm is left between them.

Seeds are placed in the holes, lightly sprinkled and moistened. Afterwards, the containers are covered with film and put away in a warm place until shoots appear.