Educational games for children 5 – 6 years old: useful activities for older preschoolers

What skills do older preschoolers need to develop?

5-6 year old children are very inquisitive. Reading fairy tales and stories with adults, learning to read, count and draw perfectly stimulates interest in understanding the world around us.

The main areas of study during this period:

• fine motor skills training;
• development of attention;
• development of logic;

• speech development;
• numeracy skills.

In this regard, it is possible to divide developmental activities for older preschoolers into the above groups.

Classes for children are conducted in the form of games.

How didactic games are conducted in the senior group

In the senior group, conducting a didactic game will lead to the expected results only if all the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard and educational programs are taken into account. Guided by all these documents, the teacher must be convinced that the process will bring benefit to the children. At the same time, a developmental activity should not only become a form of mastering certain skills and knowledge, but also contribute to the overall development of children.

Developmental and educational value of the game

When it comes to older preschoolers, during the learning process the teacher must not only give children ready-made information, but also gradually complicate it, awakening in them the desire to learn new things and stimulate their cognitive activity.

Values ​​of the didactic game

Important! To make it interesting for children, the game must contain a riddle, a mystery that the children will eventually have to solve.

Visual techniques

If a teacher uses visual aids in an educational game, then he must pay attention to the following nuances:

• The material should be selected taking into account its realism and scientific character. When it comes to objects, professions or phenomena, their image should be presented as realistically as possible.
• It is inappropriate to use fairy-tale and cartoon characters in the game.
• It is not recommended to unnecessarily overload the study process with material. It is necessary to put the preschooler in situations where he has to think and make decisions without relying on visual evidence.

Degree of independence of pupils

Every year the share of children's independence in didactic games is growing rapidly. At the very beginning, the teacher must make sure that the students understand the rules, and only after that invite them to play independently.

If in the process children themselves create their own rules based on existing ones, then the teacher should encourage such activity, since in most cases such a manifestation is worthy of attention and development.

Matching the game to the age of the children

Children in the older group of kindergarten are more attentive and diligent than the younger ones. They are already able to reflect, based on their experience, reason and think about their own actions. Therefore, the content and topics of classes for development are significantly expanded.

Note! Game processes that require a set amount of effort are interesting and age-appropriate for older preschoolers. They build determination and self-confidence in children.

Educational games for children 5 – 6 years old by goal groups

Games to develop fine motor skills

Since the initial development of relevant skills has already been established at this age, the following games will help further improve fine motor skills in older preschoolers:

• Stringing. You can string beads, rings, buttons, pasta and other items. You will also need fishing line or strong thread. You can hold a “fair” where beads, bracelets and other jewelry made by the children will be presented.
• Coloring. The game is held in the form of a coloring master class or competition. Children are given pictures with outlines of shapes and explained how to hatch. Pictures need to be painted in straight and diagonal directions.
• Origami. Children are given paper and explained how to fold the figures. Then you can offer to organize a competition or play paper toy store.

• Shadow play. Turn off the lights in the room and point the light source at the screen (from a distance of approximately 4 m). Children are shown how to use hand movements between a light source and a screen to create pictures on the screen. You can act out scenes with shadow characters.
• We sort through the cereal. For this game you need to mix 2 types of cereals (for example, buckwheat and rice or millet) and ask the child to help sort the cereal into their jars. Subsequently, the task can be complicated by adding 1 or 2 more types of cereals.

Experts believe that the development of fine motor skills is directly related to the development of speech and intelligence in general.

E. O. Komarovsky

Pediatrician, Ph.D.

Working with your fingers affects the speech areas of the brain. It is necessary to begin developing fine motor skills from six months to 6 years. As a result, speech is formed correctly, memory and imagination are stimulated.

— E. O. Komarovsky Pediatrician, Ph.D.

Games to develop attention

The following games will help your child learn to acquire, accumulate and apply new knowledge:

• What changed? Up to 7 (but not less than 3) different toys are placed in front of the child. At a signal, the child closes his eyes, and the adult removes one of the toys. Then, again at a signal, the child must open his eyes and guess which toy is missing.
• What to do? Before the game starts, children are explained what action to perform when naming a particular word. Then the children walk in a circle, and the leader calls out any of the previously discussed words. In this case, players must perform a certain action (for example, “stork” - stand on one leg, “crawfish” - walk backwards, “hare” - jump, etc.).

• Claps. This is a game similar to the previous one. Only instead of a word, children must perform a certain action for a pre-agreed number of claps. So, for example, 1 clap can mean “stork”, 2 – “crayfish”, 3 – “hare”, etc.).
• Elements. Children sit in a circle. When the leader names a certain element, they must perform a pre-agreed action (for example, “water” - lower your arms, “fire” - raise, “air” - spread your arms to the sides, “earth” - cross your chest).
• Guess the toy. The child needs to depict some actions that would characterize the proposed toys (for example, show how a bear, a fox, etc. behaves).

Julia

In pedagogical activity, one of the main directions is the development of attention, since the quality of teaching will depend on it in the future.

- Julia

Games to develop logical thinking

Logical thinking skills are necessary as preparation for further education. The following games will help develop the ability to think logically:

• Drawing of geometric shapes. Children are given various geometric shapes drawn on a piece of paper. The guys must draw an object or character from the resulting geometric figure (for example, an apple from a ball, etc.).
• Endings. Children are asked to complete sentences like: “Masha left the house before Vera, which means Vera is ... (later Masha).”
• Fill in the circle. Children are given sheets of paper with 6 circles drawn several times and are asked to paint them in such a way that there are as many filled circles as unfilled ones. The one who offers the most shading options will win.

• Good bad. The child is asked to analyze any phenomenon from all sides, paying attention to positive and negative aspects, for example: “A lot of mosquitoes are bad, they bite, but it’s good that the birds have something to eat. There are no mosquitoes - it’s good, but the bad thing is that the birds have nothing to eat, they will fly to other places and there will be a lot of mosquitoes.”
• What happens? Children are encouraged to ask each other questions and take turns answering, for example: “What is white? (cloud, towel, etc.)” “What is big? (joy, car, mountain, etc.).”

Elena

Orenburg

A child’s logical thinking needs to be developed systematically and in a timely manner, so that in the future he can study well and achieve his goals.

— Elena Orenburg

Speech development games

Speech development is an important stage of learning; the following games will help with this, by the way, closely related to the previous group of logic lessons:

• End of sentence. Children are asked to complete the sentences based on the context (Vita didn’t come today because ... (sick); dad brought ice cream and put ... (in the refrigerator); Marina is going to the store to ... (buy groceries)).
• Daily regime. Children are shown pictures of different activities during the day. The children are asked to place them in the correct order.

• Who eats this? Pictures depicting various animals are given, and it is asked to determine which of them should be given, for example, grain, honey, apples, grass, etc.
• 3 words. Children are asked to name 3 words as an answer to one question, for example: “What can you cook? (egg, meat, pasta).”
• What was what? The presenter asks questions like: “Who used to be a chicken, a butterfly, a horse?”, “What used to be bread, a sweater, a table?”, and the children need to answer them.

A. N. Leontiev

Soviet psychologist, author of the general psychological theory of activity

Speech occupies a central place in mental development, the process of its development is development itself.

— A. N. Leontyev Soviet psychologist, author of the general psychological theory of activity

Basic approaches to the classification of didactic games in the senior group

DIs are classified according to various criteria. They are divided by:

• the nature of the pedagogical process;
• game technique;
• gaming environment.

Note! Despite the different approaches to classification, every teacher needs to remember that play is not just a child’s activity. It is primarily expressed in the attitude and behavior of adults and is recurrent and permanent in nature.

Contents and selection of materials for the game

DI can be used both in relevant classes and outside educational activities. Depending on where the game is used, its duration is determined.

Preparing for DI

Class structure:

1. First of all, a didactic task is determined, which is presented in the form of a game task and set by the teacher.
2. Game actions are determined. The older group of kindergarten can independently determine their circle.
3. Rules are set. Most often, the teacher sets them, but if the students come up with their own, the teacher can accept them.
4. The result of the game is determined.

All didactic games include the main stages:

• the topic and content are communicated;
• participants get acquainted with the game material;
• familiarization with the rules is carried out;
• game actions are performed;
• the results are summed up.

Note! If something in the game did not work out for the child, then after summing up the results, the teacher can continue a personal discussion and analysis of mistakes in each specific case.

In conclusion, the teacher must motivate the students to achieve success in the future.

The role of the teacher in organizing classes

In the process of organizing and conducting didactic games, it is the teacher who must lead the entire process. He is obliged to ensure the direct and active participation of each child.

The role of the educator in the organization of DI

The teacher must think through and organize the entire process in such a way as to ensure that the game is connected with the learning and other activities of the students. Create conditions so that the process turns into an independent activity for children.

Note! The teacher needs to interest children in games. This can only be achieved if there is a sufficient amount of teaching material and toys. At the end of the game, the teacher must give not only an impartial, but also a friendly assessment.

Logic problems for older preschool children

Valentina Rozhkova

Logic problems for older preschool children

September. 1 year of study.

Week 1: - Think and decide: Who will swim to the shore faster - a duck or chickens?

— What is the best and fastest way to pick a watermelon from a tree? (watermelon does not grow on a tree)

.

2nd week:

— There were children's books on the shelf. The dog ran up, took one book, then another, then two more. How many books will she read? (Not at all. Dogs can't read)

— There are 3 branches on the oak tree, on each branch there are 3 apples. How many apples are there in total? (Apples do not grow on oak trees.)

3rd week:

- Who will reach the flower faster - a butterfly or a caterpillar?

— There were 3 carrots and 4 apples in the plate. How many fruits were in the plate? (4 apples. Carrots are not a fruit, but a vegetable)

-The cat Murka gave birth to puppies: one black and two white. How many puppies does Murka have? (None. The cat has kittens.)

Week 4: - Who is the eldest ? Who's the shortest? Who is taller - father or mother? Who is older than you ? Who is taller than you, but shorter than mom?

— Three sparrows sat on the water. One flew away. How much is left? (sparrows do not sit on water)

.

— A multi-colored wheel is rolling: one corner is red, the other is green, the third is yellow. When the wheel reaches the edge of the table, what color will be visible? (None. The wheel has no corners)

October. 1st year of study.

1st week.

— On the shelf were: a pyramid, a tumbler, a teapot and a doll. How many toys are on the shelf? (Three. A teapot is a tableware)

.

- How many ends does a stick have? Two sticks?

2nd week:

— A rooster and a hen were walking around the yard. A rooster has two legs, and a chicken has four.

How many feet were walking around the yard? (-The chicken has 2 legs, not four)

.

— How many chickens did the rooster hatch if he laid 5 eggs?

(Not at all. Roosters don't lay eggs)

- Who will moo louder - a rooster or a cow? (Roosters don't moo)

3rd week:

— Marina and Tanya drank different juices - apple and grape. Marina did not drink apple juice. What juice did Tanya drink?

— Katya and Lena painted with paints and pencils. Katya did not draw with paints. What did Lena draw with?

— Mom has a cat Fluff, a daughter Dasha and a dog Sharik. How many children does mom have ?

4th week:

— Kostya and Artem were dressed in jackets of different colors: blue and green. Kostya was not wearing a blue jacket. What color jacket was Artem wearing?

— One banana falls from the tree every minute. How many of them will fall in 5 minutes?

November. 1st year of study.

1st week.

— How to use two sticks to form a square on the table?

- Grandma has a granddaughter Masha, a cat Fluff, and a dog Druzhok. How many grandchildren does grandma have?

2nd week:

— How to form a triangle on the table using only one stick?

— The cat Vaska and his owner are sitting in a boat. The owner throws out a fishing rod and says: “Catch, fish, big - very big.”

.And Vaska quietly mutters:
“Little catch, little one
. Why did he say that?

3rd week:

- I bought it for one ruble, paid two rubles. How much change will they give?

— Ping the penguin felt cold and jumped up 6 times to warm up. His brother Gwin also decided to warm up and jumped 4 times. Who was colder: Pin or Gwin?

4th week:

- You, me, you and me. How many of us are there?

Examples of didactic games in the senior group

All didactic game processes are specially developed by teachers for teaching children. The main goal is to combine business with pleasure. While playing, a child learns and develops certain skills. Now you can find a huge number of didactic games for children in the senior group of kindergarten on the Internet. You can print them out and offer them to children.

The most common of them are the following:

1. “Good or bad” - the essence is that several life situations are reproduced, and the child must express his opinion and attitude. Develops speech, attention and memory.
2. “Seasons” - 4 pictures depict the seasons. There are also cut cards with their signs. In the process, the child must correctly identify the signs of winter, spring, summer and autumn, and also arrange the cards in their places.
3. “We teach the months of the year” - the child must know in what sequence the months of the year are distributed, and be able to determine, for example, that after December comes January, and after February comes March.
4. “Search for objects in the picture” - helps develop children's memory while playing.

Note! A didactic game for a teacher is one of the most effective methods of achieving educational goals.

Children of the older group enjoy completing assigned tasks in the process, while developing certain skills and abilities for subsequent socialization.

Where to find time to play with your child

This question is asked by many parents, since modern moms and dads are busy people who have a lot of household responsibilities, work, of course, and a natural desire to take time for themselves and relax. Due to the fact that there is not enough time to spend with the baby, parents often worry and worry. Psychologists assure that you can find time to communicate with your child if you follow simple tips.

Tip 1 – play with your child and mind your own business at the same time.

Games that do not require special training or additional items can be played in the kitchen, bathroom, or on the street. If you don’t feel like playing, involve your child in homework, do something together, for example, make pizza, or just let your child help you.

The main thing is to talk to the child more, explain, praise and support.

Tip 2 – use any free minute.

Transport, queues, the road to somewhere - this time can be used profitably. Tell your child about natural phenomena, make riddles, compose fairy tales, play counting and words.

Tip 3 – games and activities should become a habit.

Of course, we are not talking about classes for an hour or two. Make it a rule to work with your child every day for 15-20 minutes; this will be quite enough for a child aged 6-7 years. For example, read a book to your child before bed.

Tip 4 – try to create a nurturing environment at home.

Use posters, manuals, cards, magnetic games. The more educational objects there are around a child, the faster he will remember information. Please note that developmental aids should be bright and colorful.

Tip 5 – find company for your child.

If this is the case and you cannot play with your baby, try to find children for him with whom he can spend his time.

Types of didactic games in the senior group of kindergarten

Didactic games in the senior group are divided into several varieties.

Types of didactic games

They are distinguished by the following criteria:

• educational content;
• cognitive activity;
• game actions and rules;
• children's organizations;
• role of the teacher.

The listed differences are inherent in all didactic games, but they appear more clearly in some than in others. Games are also classified:

• on sensory education;
• to get acquainted with nature and the surrounding world;
• on the formation of mathematical concepts;
• verbal;
• musical;
• on literacy preparation;
• figurative;
• with educational toys;
• pseudo-plot;
• desktop-printed.

By type of activity, game processes are as follows:

• trips;
• instructions;
• offers;
• puzzles;
• conversations or dialogues.

Note! The classification does not end there. The entire range of possible gaming techniques is huge. But as practice shows, the ones listed above are most often used.

Card index of educational games in the senior group of preschool educational institutions with goals according to the Federal State Educational Standard

Important! Modern kindergartens carry out their activities in accordance with the standards of the Federal State Educational Standard. When developing a thematic plan, each educator must take into account and implement learning activities in accordance with the requirements of the standard.

DI card index