Card file of non-traditional methods of productive activity in preschool educational institutions
Card file of non-traditional methods of productive activity in different age groups of preschool educational institutions.
- Drawing technique
Templateography
To draw an object using this technique, you need to imagine what geometric shapes it consists of. Each complex object can be depicted using simple components: triangles, circles, squares, ovals and rectangles. This technique involves outlining pre-prepared patterns of geometric shapes in order to compose and depict a separate object or plot picture.
Drawing according to the template: Think over the content of the drawing. Start creating an object in the following sequence: first you need to outline the main, largest shape and only then move on to the details. Using a simple pencil, outline geometric shapes so that the finished image forms a single whole. Complete the finished composition in color.
Sunny paintings
Painting creative pictures with the help of the sun is great fun for a sunny day. All you need is: - a cloudless sky above your head (it is advisable that there is also no strong wind outside) - colored paper in dark colors - flat objects of interesting shapes to create a picture - push pins - small pebbles.
Lay a sheet of colored paper in the sun, securing it with pushpins or small pebbles. Make a composition on it from the items you have prepared. To create a picture, you can use leaves of different shapes, as well as flowers. It is better to pin light objects to the paper with pins so that the wind does not blow them away. Leave your workpiece in the sun for the whole day, possibly for several days. Remove items from paper. The picture painted by the sun is ready!
Diatypia
This technique is usually considered a type of monotype, but there are significant differences. Using a special roller (a roller for rolling photographs is also suitable) or a rag swab, apply a light layer of paint to the glass or the smooth surface of a cardboard folder. Place a sheet of paper on top and begin to draw. Draw with a pencil or just a pointed stick, trying not to press too hard on the paper with your hands. On the side that was pressed against the glass or cardboard, you will get an imprint - a mirror repetition of the design with an interesting texture and colored background. The drawing will turn out to be slightly convex, which will give it some unusualness and novelty.
Aquatypia (
aquatouche or aquatypia technique)
Dilute the gouache and draw a tree or a mushroom, a bird or a house, an animal or a person—whatever—on paper in large, wide strokes. It is desirable that the drawing be large. When the gouache dries, cover the entire sheet with black ink (the latter dries quickly if its layer is not too thick). And then develop the drawing in a bath of water. In water, the gouache is washed off from the paper, and the ink is only partially washed off. And an interesting white pattern with slightly blurred contours remains on a black background. The paper, of course, must be thick so as not to tear when wet.
-Junior group
Poking with a hard semi-dry brush
Means of expression:
texture of color, color.
Materials:
a hard brush, gouache, paper of any color and format, or a cut out silhouette of a furry or prickly animal.
Image acquisition method:
the child dips the brush into the gouache and hits the paper with it, holding it vertically. When working, the brush does not fall into the water. In this way, the entire sheet, outline or template is filled. The result is an imitation of the texture of a fluffy or prickly surface.
Palm drawing
Means of expression:
spot, color, fantastic silhouette.
Materials:
wide saucers with gouache, brush, thick paper of any color, large format sheets, napkins.
Image acquisition method:
the child dips his palm (the entire brush) into the gouache or paints it with a brush (from the age of five) and makes an imprint on paper. They draw with both the right and left hands, painted in different colors. After work, wipe your hands with a napkin, then the gouache is easily washed off.
Finger painting
Means of expression:
spot, dot, short line, color.
Materials:
bowls with gouache, thick paper of any color, small sheets, napkins.
Image acquisition method:
The child dips his finger into the gouache and puts dots and spots on the paper. Each finger is painted with a different color. After work, wipe your fingers with a napkin, then the gouache is easily washed off.
Impression with cork
Means of expression:
stain, texture, color.
Materials:
a bowl or plastic box containing a stamp pad made of thin foam rubber impregnated with gouache, thick paper of any color and size, cork seals.
Image acquisition method:
The child presses the cork to the ink pad and makes an imprint on the paper. To obtain a different color, both the bowl and the stopper are changed.
Printing of vegetables (potatoes/carrots)
Means of expression:
stain, texture, color.
Materials:
a bowl or plastic box containing a stamp pad made of thin foam rubber impregnated with gouache, thick paper of any color and size, potato/carrot stamps.
Image acquisition method:
The child presses the signet onto a stamp pad with paint and makes an impression on the paper. To obtain a different color, both the bowl and the signet are changed.
Printed fruit stamps (apple/pear)
Means of expression:
stain, texture, color.
Materials:
a bowl or plastic box containing a stamp pad made of thin foam rubber impregnated with gouache, thick paper of any color and size, halves of an apple/pear.
Image acquisition method:
The child presses half an apple/pear onto a stamp pad with paint and makes an imprint on the paper. To obtain a different color, both the bowl and the signet are changed.
Drawing with a cotton swab
Image acquisition method
: the child dips a cotton swab in the paint and puts dots on the drawing, the outline of which you have already drawn. The drawing is done very simply, but it turns out very elegant and interesting.
Drawing with a disposable plastic fork (For drawings where a characteristic shaggy stroke is needed.
Image acquisition method:
Dip the back of the fork into the paint, then make an imprint on a sheet of paper.
-Middle group
Drawing using the dipping method
Material:
Brushes of different sizes, gouache, watercolor, ink, paper
Image acquisition method
After dipping the brush into the paint, place its tail on a sheet of paper and lift up a droplet. If you apply such droplets in a circle, you get a flower. By dipping, you can draw leaves on trees, animals and other designs, you just have to use your imagination.
Magic balls
Material:
box lid, balls, paint, paper, brushes, water.
Image acquisition method
Place a sheet of paper in the box and apply several multi-colored or plain drops of paint on it. Place 2-3 balls in a box and shake the box so that the balls roll around, mixing the colors, creating a pattern.
Painting with bubble wrap. Using this wonderful material, you can very simply draw falling snow.
Image acquisition method
We apply white or pale blue paint to the film and apply it to a sheet of paper with a pattern. Using this technique you can create an extraordinary background for winter appliqué.
Impression with foam rubber or sponge
Means of expression:
stain, texture, color.
Materials:
a bowl or plastic box containing a stamp pad made of thin foam rubber impregnated with gouache, thick paper of any color and size, pieces of foam rubber.
Image acquisition methods:
The child presses the foam rubber onto a stamp pad with paint and makes an imprint on the paper. To change the color, use other bowls and foam rubber.
Leaves stamp
Means of expression:
texture, color.
Materials:
paper, leaves of various trees (preferably fallen), gouache, brushes.
Image acquisition method:
The child covers a piece of wood with paints of different colors, then places it on the paper with the painted side to make a print.
Each time a new sheet is taken. The petioles of the leaves can be painted on with a brush.
Wax crayons+watercolor
Means of expression:
color, line, spot, texture.
Materials:
wax crayons, thick white paper, watercolors, brushes.
Image acquisition method:
a child draws with wax crayons on white paper. Then he paints the sheet with watercolors in one or more colors. The chalk drawing remains unpainted.
Candle + watercolor
Means of expression:
color, line, spot, texture.
Materials:
candle, thick paper, watercolor, brushes.
Image acquisition method:
a child draws with a candle on paper. Then he paints the sheet with watercolors in one or more colors. The candle pattern remains white.
Drawing with crumpled paper (print)
Means of expression:
stain, texture, color.
Materials:
a bowl with a pad soaked in gouache, thick paper of any color and size, crumpled paper.
Image acquisition method:
The child presses the crumpled paper to a pad of paint and makes an imprint on the paper. To get a different color, change the bowl and crumpled paper.
Regular blotography
Means of expression:
spot.
Materials:
paper, ink, or thinly diluted gouache in a bowl, plastic spoon.
Image acquisition method:
the child scoops up gouache with a plastic spoon and pours it onto paper. The result is spots in a random order. Then the sheet is covered with another sheet and pressed (you can bend the original sheet in half, drip ink onto one half, and cover it with the other). Next, the top sheet is removed, the image is examined: it is determined what it looks like. The missing details are completed.
Subject monotype
Means of expression:
spot, color, symmetry.
Materials:
thick paper of any color, brushes, gouache or watercolor.
Image acquisition methods:
the child folds a sheet of paper in half and on one half of it draws half of the depicted object (the objects are chosen to be symmetrical). After this, until the paint has dried, the sheet is folded in half again to make a print. The image can then be decorated by also folding the sheet after drawing several decorations.
Drawing with colored paste
Means of expression:
stain, texture, color.
Materials:
Sheets of paper, brushes, flour paste in bowls, painted with gouache.
Image acquisition method:
children paint with brushes and also using the technique of subject monotype or blotography, using colored paste instead of paint.
Papier-mâché (tear napkins or toilet paper into small pieces, put them in a plate and fill them with plenty of water and glue. We spread the soaked and squeezed mass along the contour of the design and fill the entire design)
-Senior and preparatory group
Drawing on sandpaper You can draw on sandpaper with pencils, pastels, and paints.
When drawing on sandpaper, you can avoid drawing small details.
Just add a couple of shades. Foam impression Means of expression:
stain, texture, color.
Materials:
a bowl or plastic box containing a stamp pad made of thin foam rubber impregnated with gouache, thick paper of any color and size, pieces of foam plastic.
Image acquisition methods:
The child presses the foam onto the ink pad and makes an imprint on the paper. To get a different color, change the bowls and foam.
Imprint with eraser stamps
Means of expression:
stain, texture, color.
Materials:
bowl with a pad soaked in gouache, watercolor paints, thick paper
any color and size, a signet made from an eraser (the teacher can make them himself by cutting a design on the eraser with a knife or blade) or pencils with an eraser at the end.
Image acquisition method:
The child presses the eraser onto a pad soaked in gouache and makes an impression on the paper. To change the color, the bowl and seal are changed.
Drawing with a toothbrush and comb Method of obtaining an image
We apply multi-colored paint (next to each other) on a sheet of paper in the shape of a drop. Then we run a comb over all the drops of paint, connecting and smearing them. It turns out to be an amazing rainbow.
Drawing on damp crumpled paper
Image acquisition method
A sheet of paper is moistened with water using a sponge or brush, until the sheet is dry, a drawing is applied. The result is a blurry image.
Drawing on crumpled paper
The technique is interesting because in places where the paper bends, the paint becomes more intense and dark when painted - this is called the mosaic effect.
Material
: crumpled paper, gouache paints, brushes, napkins
Image acquisition method
: Before drawing, carefully crumple the paper, then carefully smooth it out and start drawing.
Drawing with gauze. Material
: paper, gauze, paints, brushes
Image acquisition method
: Apply a layer of gauze to a wet sheet of paper, straightening it. The gauze should remain motionless on the paper. Paint on top of the gauze with a brush and paint. Let the drawing dry. We remove the gauze - a pattern remains on the paper in the form of an imprint of the texture of the gauze fabric.
Spray
Means of expression:
point, texture.
Materials:
paper, gouache, hard brush, piece of thick cardboard or plastic (5 by 5 cm).
Image acquisition method:
the child puts paint on a brush and hits the brush on the cardboard, which he holds above the paper. Paint splashes onto the paper.
Blotography with a tube
Means of expression:
spot.
Materials:
paper, ink, or liquid diluted gouache in a bowl, plastic spoon, straw (drink straw).
Image acquisition method:
The child scoops up paint with a plastic spoon and pours it onto the sheet, making a small spot (droplet). Then blow on this stain from a tube so that its end does not touch either the stain or the paper. If necessary, the procedure is repeated. The missing details are completed.
Blotography with a thread
Means of expression:
spot.
Materials:
paper, ink or thinly diluted gouache, plastic spoon, medium-thick thread.
Image acquisition method:
The child dips the thread into the paint and squeezes it out. Then he lays out an image from a thread on a sheet of paper, leaving one end free. After this, he places another sheet on top, presses it, holding it with his hand, and pulls the thread by the tip. The missing details are completed.
Landscape monotype
Means of expression:
spot, tone, vertical symmetry, image, space, composition.
Materials:
paper, brushes, gouache or watercolor, damp sponge, tiles.
Image acquisition method:
The child folds the sheet in half. On one half of the sheet a landscape is drawn, on the other half it is reflected in a lake or river (imprint). The landscape is done quickly so that the paints do not have time to dry. The half of the sheet intended for the print is wiped with a damp sponge. The original drawing, after a print is made from it, is enlivened with paints so that it differs more from the print. For monotopy, you can also use a sheet of paper and tiles. A drawing is applied to the latter with paint, then it is covered with a damp sheet of paper. The landscape turns out blurry.
“Overlapping” A drawing technique, mainly in black and white, where there is a partial coincidence or superposition of one shape on another. First, children use templates to create a composition of several objects. Next, you need to correctly separate the colors; this process is similar to solving some kind of spatial puzzle.
Black and white scratch paper (primed sheet)
Means of expression:
line, stroke, contrast.
Materials:
half-cardboard, or thick white paper, a candle, a wide brush, black ink, liquid soap (about one drop per tablespoon of ink) or tooth powder, bowls for mascara, a stick with sharpened ends.
Image acquisition method:
The child rubs the sheet with a candle so that it is completely covered with a layer of wax. Then mascara with liquid soap or tooth powder is applied to it, in which case it is filled with mascara without additives. After drying, the design is scratched with a stick.
Colored scratch paper
Means of expression:
line, stroke, color.
Materials:
colored cardboard or thick paper, pre-painted with watercolors or felt-tip pens, a candle, a wide brush, gouache bowls, a stick with sharpened ends.
Image acquisition method:
The child rubs the sheet with a candle so that it is completely covered with a layer of wax. Then the sheet is painted over with gouache mixed with liquid soap. After drying, the design is scratched with a stick. Next, it is possible to complete the missing details with gouache.
Embossing
Means of expression:
texture, color.
Materials:
thin paper, colored pencils, objects with a corrugated surface (corrugated cardboard, plastic, coins, etc.), a simple pencil.
Image acquisition method:
the child draws with a simple pencil what he wants. If you need to create many identical elements (for example, leaves), it is advisable to use a cardboard template. Then an object with a corrugated surface is placed under the drawing, and the drawing is colored with pencils. At the next lesson, the drawings can be cut out and pasted onto a common sheet.
Linotype (Drawing with colored threads) Method of obtaining an image
It is necessary to dip the threads into the paint so that they are well saturated with paint. Then they need to be placed on paper so that the ends of the thread protrude 5-10 cm from both sides of the sheet of paper. The threads are covered with another sheet of paper. The top sheet is held with your hands. The threads are spread in different directions. The top sheet rises.
Drawing with salt or semolina Method of obtaining an image
Apply a design to a sheet of colored cardboard using PVA glue. Draw a picture and sprinkle salt on top. When everything is dry, shake off the excess salt.
Sand drawing on glass (Sand drawing, sand animation)
Materials
: clean sifted sand, lamp (light source) and glass (plexiglass). Instead of sand, any other bulk substance, such as coffee, will do.
Using sand, it is easy to change the details of an image without using an eraser, and the same working surface can be used an infinite number of times.
Screen printing
Means of expression:
stain, texture, color.
Materials:
a bowl with a pad soaked in gouache, thick paper of any color, a foam rubber swab (put a ball of fabric or foam rubber in the middle and tie the corners of the square with thread), stencils made of oiled semi-cardboard or transparent film..
Methods of obtaining:
the child presses a foam rubber swab onto a pad soaked in gouache and makes an impression on the paper using a stencil. To change the color, use other tampons and a stencil.
Drawing with soap bubbles
Image acquisition method
Gouache is mixed with shampoo and poured into containers. Then a straw is inserted into the container and air is blown out until a cap of small bubbles is formed, the straw is carefully taken out and a clean sheet is applied on top and pressed with the palm of your hand to form an imprint. The missing details are completed.
Drawings with bags
Materials
: honey watercolor paints, album, brush, water and cut cellophane bag.
Methods of obtaining
: use a brush to apply watercolor to a sheet, and then use a cellophane bag to create a pattern on it. You need to work quickly with the brush so that the paint on the paper does not have time to dry.
We place a cut bag on the center of the picture, moisten our fingers with water and use various rotating movements to form patterns using wrinkles. The bag should stick to the paper with the pattern, and watercolor and water should collect in the wrinkles. In these places the pattern becomes lighter.
Allow the paper to dry, and then remove the bag and see what you have. The result is a beautiful colored sheet of paper with a fancy pattern - this is an excellent background for further drawings and an exclusive material for appliqués and postcards.
“Familiar form - new image”
Means of expression:
variability of a familiar form.
Materials:
a simple pencil, paper, various objects that can be traced (scissors, trays, cups, spoons, doll clothes).
You can trace your palms, feet, fists, figure.
Image acquisition method:
The child traces the selected object with a pencil. Then he turns it into something else by drawing and painting it with any suitable materials. When tracing the foot, the child takes off his shoes and places his foot on the sheet. If a figure is being traced, whatman paper is attached to the wall, one child leans against it, the other traces it.
Drawing using electrical tape
Materials
: A4 landscape sheet, brush No. 3 or 4, blue and green gouache, scissors, cotton swabs, electrical tape 1.5 cm wide.
Image acquisition method
: Paint the duct tape applique with paints, and after the paint has dried, carefully remove the duct tape from the design.
Stained glass technique - glue pictures
Image acquisition method
: The outline of the future drawing is made with PVA glue from a bottle with a dosed spout. You can first draw a sketch with a simple pencil. Then the boundaries of the contour must dry. After this, the space between the contours is painted with bright colors. Adhesive borders prevent the paint from spreading and mixing.
Caricature
Image acquisition method
: If you draw a half-drawn outline of an object or some scribbles on a sheet of paper, you can see some objects in them. If you complete and complement these objects, you will get a holistic, recognizable object. In terms of the complexity of tasks that develop representation and visual memory, this method of teaching is the most difficult, since it requires a certain level of development of imagination, experience, and observations.
When first getting acquainted with caricature, it is wiser to offer the child a sheet of doodles (half-contours depicting familiar animals). If the child has difficulty recognizing objects, you can use leading questions, riddles
Frottage
Materials:
a sheet of paper that is placed on a flat, embossed object.
Method of obtaining an image
: you need to start shading on the surface of the paper with an unsharpened colored or simple pencil. The result is a print that imitates the main texture.
- Modeling
1. Testoplasty
(rolling out dough with a rolling pin or ball)
-Imprints of leaves, spikelets, twigs
— Foot and palm prints
- cutting with molds
— Decoration with beads, balls, buttons and other decorative elements
— Decoration with shells, seeds, cereals, peas
-pressing stamps (figurines of geometric inserts, construction set parts, buttons, felt-tip pen caps)
— Rolling textured rollers (rollers made from corks and rings from plastic bottles)
2. Modeling from paper pulp
(modeling from finely chopped, torn paper and thickly brewed starch paste)
or sawdust
(baking soda, a few spoons of wood glue, sawdust are added to the cooled flour paste and mixed). From this you can sculpt any figures for working using the paper-plastic technique. When dry, they become hard and durable. They can be painted. The completed products are dried in a warm place.
3. Burdock.
These are the inflorescences of a weed plant - burdock. Thanks to the thorns, they are well attached to each other and retain their shape for a long time. The burdock should be used as soon as it is picked, or on the same day. It is suitable for sculpting figures with an expressive, recognizable silhouette (bear cubs, elephants, squirrels, bunnies). To decorate figurines fashioned from burdock, you can use buttons, beads, plasticine, matches, threads, shreds and much more.
4. Plasticineography
- reverse appliqué method with laying out a contour (from thin plasticine flagella)
-mosaic applique (small plasticine balls are rolled and laid out according to the pattern)
— without drawing the outline (pasted according to the drawing).
- smearing plasticine (the effect of painting with gouache).
— applique on glass (reverse plasticineography)
- scratching on plasticine (Apply various patterns to the surface filled with a layer of plasticine or individual parts using the scratching method. This can be done using different tools - sticks, toothpicks, a pen cap, etc.)
- "Laces" made of plasticine. Take fairly soft plasticine (you can preheat it, a syringe (medical or special for modeling). We put the plasticine into the syringe and squeeze it out, you get flagella of uniform thickness, similar to laces. From the resulting “laces” you can lay out various patterns and designs. (Example , tree with leaves).
— Modeling from rings (younger age - a pyramid, middle age - a vase with a base from a jar from Immunele, older age - modeling of dishes)
-Method of cutting puff plasticine. I made sticks from pencils and thin wire. To work, you need plasticine of different colors and a damp cloth. We make flat cakes from each piece and fold them into a “cake”. Then we turn the cake into a “dumpling” and pinch the edges well. We take sticks and cut our dumplings crosswise and see that everyone gets a different cut. We cut several petals, lay them out in the shape of a flower, and from the remaining plasticine we make the center for the flower
-Modeling in shape (use durable ready-made shapes: jars, boxes, bottles, containers (from kinder)
-Modeling using natural materials. (decorate with natural materials (pits, seeds, seeds, etc.)
-Modeling using cocktail tubes
-Bas-relief (textured plasticine)
-Modeling from plates (for creating voluminous, hollow crafts)
On a note:
If you combine plasticine of different tones - glossy and matte, you get plasticine of a different quality.
In order for the surface of the drawing to have a glossy background, your fingers need to be moistened with water.
- Application
—
Broken applique
Means of expression:
texture, volume.
Image acquisition method:
The child tears small pieces or long strips from a sheet of paper. Then he draws with glue what he wants to depict, puts pieces of paper on the glue. As a result, the image is three-dimensional.
-Overlay applique (multi-color image). We conceive an image and consistently create it, overlaying and gluing parts in layers so that each subsequent detail is smaller in size than the previous one.
-Modular applique (mosaic) The image is obtained by gluing many identical shapes. Cut out circles, squares, triangles, or simply torn pieces of paper can be used as the basis for a modular applique.
-Symmetrical applique. images of objects with a symmetrical structure pasted onto the background. Images of objects are made using the technique of folding paper in half, holding it by the fold, and cutting out half of the image.
-Ribbon applique. The method allows you to obtain not one or two, but many identical images, separate or interconnected. To make a ribbon applique, you need to take a wide sheet of paper, fold it like an accordion and cut out the image.
—
Silhouette applique This method is available to children who are good with scissors. They will be able to cut out complex silhouettes using a drawn or imaginary outline.
-Cutting - creating three-dimensional images with a fluffy effect. (three-dimensional paintings, mosaics, panels, decorative interior elements, postcards)
-Quilling - paper rolling - the art of making flat or three-dimensional compositions from long and narrow strips of paper twisted into spirals.
-Collage – gluing onto any base objects and materials that differ from the base in color and texture.
-Papier-mâché is one of the artistic techniques that consists in creating the silhouette of various objects by first gluing them in multiple layers and then decorating them.
Cereal applique
(semolina, rice, millet are painted in different colors using gouache and water)
technique - “sprinkling” - draw an outline, spread with glue and sprinkle with cereal
Technique “pressing” the workpiece: color drawing, smear circles of plasticine and decorate with cereals (or coffee beans, nuts, seeds, etc.) - press them into the plasticine.
Application of pasta, beans, seeds
Material: Application sample, cardboard tinted in light tones of different colors, format A-3, beans (purple, pasta of various shapes (spirals, feathers, leaves, shells, bows, etc., peas (round and crushed, PVA glue, tassels ( wide and thin, paper and cloth napkins, a jar of water, a simple pencil, an eraser, watercolor and acrylic paints.
Applique made from napkins or rolled paper
creating masterpieces without scissors by rolling napkins into a ball and gluing them onto a mold.
Means of expression:
texture, volume.
Materials:
napkins, or colored double-sided paper, PVA glue poured into a saucer, thick paper or colored cardboard for the base.
Image acquisition method:
The child crumples the paper in his hands until it becomes soft. Then he rolls it into a ball. Its sizes can be different: from small (berry) to large (cloud, lump for a snowman). After this, the paper ball is dipped in glue and glued to the base.
Corrugated paper applique
– a decorative material that allows you to create scenery, toys, garlands, bouquets, costumes.
Fabric appliqué
is
the strengthening of pieces of another fabric on a specific fabric background. Appliques are strengthened either by sewing or gluing.
Thread applique
Materials
: materials for working on a sketch - pencil, cardboard; materials for decorating the outline of the pattern - a piece of thread; PVA glue; scissors; thread trimmings of different colors; toothpick.
It is necessary to carefully work out every detail of the sketch and draw up the outline of the drawing. Next, cut the threads of the desired color as finely as possible, as if turning them into fluff, then the work will look more advantageous. It is necessary to lay out the prepared threads on the drawing, previously generously lubricated with PVA glue. Moreover, the entire drawing is not immediately smeared with glue, but only those places on which work is being carried out at the moment. The work is done from top to bottom. Having filled the space of the entire drawing, the work needs to dry.
Straw applique
(These can be paintings, ornamental stripes, bookmarks, boxes, frames.)
Application from dried plants
(flowers, grass, leaves, so-called floristry.)
Applications from cotton wool, cotton pads or poplar fluff
(
you can make fluffy, voluminous animals, snow, depict plant fluff, clouds - the scope for imagination is very wide.)
Applique made of buttons
(
for example, the younger age is a butterfly made of large buttons, the older age is a tree)
Confetti applique
Application made of foam rubber
(
Foam rubber is painted with paint. Then it is torn into small pieces and glued to the template)
Application made of sand or salt
(
with children from 2-2.5 years old. To begin with, choose simple applications with a small number of details, gradually complicating the design and increasing the number of small details.)
Eggshell applique
The washed and dried shell is crumbled and laid out in the contours, after the glue has dried, the design is applied with paints.
Application using electrical tape
Using regular electrical tape he can make cute appliqués.
Plasticine patches: Place pre-rolled plasticine balls on the template and “glue” the empty spaces corresponding to the picture.
- Construction techniques
-From paper:
Quilling (
paper rolling - the art of making flat or three-dimensional compositions from long and narrow strips of paper twisted into spirals)
Origami
-a type of decorative and applied art; the ancient art of paper folding. Classic origami is folded from a square sheet of paper and requires the use of one sheet of paper without the use of glue or scissors.
Kirigami
- a separate type of origami that allows the use of scissors and cutting paper while folding the model. This is the main difference between kirigami and other paper folding techniques.
Paper weaving
Material:
colored paper, scissors, glue, ruler, pencil. A sheet of A5 format is taken as the basis. You need to make slits in this sheet. Fold the sheet in half and make slits with scissors along the marked lines. We cut strips of the same width in a different color from the rug and thread the strips through the slots in a checkerboard pattern. To prevent the edges from sticking out, we secure them with glue. The colored paper rug is ready
From paper plates
- have a certain volume, and accordingly you can use them to make a variety of voluminous children's crafts; gouache is most suitable for coloring disposable paper plates. The plates have sufficient material density so that the resulting craft retains its shape. At the same time, paper plates are a material that is easy to cut.
-From waste material:
Children’s creativity from waste material allows them to develop not only artistic taste and creative imagination, but also forms the foundations of ecological culture.
Coils
Boxes
Matches
Matchboxes
-From sand, colored ice floes -
Purpose: to introduce two physical states of water - liquid and solid. Identify the properties and qualities of water: turn into snow, ice. Introduce the properties of sand and teach children how to build buildings from sand.
Areas of productive activity
Productive activity is most often considered to be the child’s activity that results in a certain product. This product is created by a child under the guidance of an adult.
Productive activities include design activities, drawing or visual arts, modeling, appliqué activities and some others.
The product the child receives shows how the baby relates to the world around him, what the child’s emotional state is.
Also, based on the created products, you can determine which cognitive skills and personal qualities the child has developed, and which still need to be worked on.
Construction or design activity is very relevant today. It is significant in the process of correction and development of children’s spatial representations, and helps correct deficiencies in fine motor skills of preschoolers.
In the process of organizing plasticine modeling, children also develop fine motor skills. Through this activity, they develop perseverance, which is very important in the future when studying at school. Attention, thinking, logic - this is an incomplete series of qualities that are formed as a result of a child making an object through modeling.
Nowadays it has become very popular to sculpt from salt dough. Here, very valuable qualities of preschoolers are revealed - imagination and perception. Children love to make crafts from this dough, as the products turn out very bright and beautiful.
When drawing, children gain skills of analysis, synthesis, generalization, and others. By drawing, the child learns to listen to the task and carry it out. In the process of drawing, children develop fine finger coordination.
The applique is very attractive because different types of figures can be used to create different products. If you don't like it, you can quickly rearrange it. And only then glue it. In the application, preschool children develop perceptions and ideas about the properties and qualities of objects. Children get an unforgettable visual experience.
MAGAZINE Preschooler.RF
Organizing productive activitiesProductive activities begin at the end of early childhood (about 3 years) and take on an expanded form in preschool age. Productive types of children's activities include drawing, modeling, appliqué, designing and creating various kinds of crafts, models from natural and waste materials. All of them play an important role in the development of a preschooler.
The social and personal development of a child is facilitated by the opportunity for him to demonstrate creative activity, initiative when creating drawings, modeling, crafts, etc., which can be used by himself or shown and given to others. In the process of visual activity and design, children develop the ability for purposeful actions and volitional regulation of behavior.
For the artistic and aesthetic development of a child, the modeling nature of productive activity plays an important role, allowing him to reflect the surrounding reality at his own discretion and create certain images. This has a positive effect on the development of imagination, imaginative thinking, and creative activity. A child’s creative work with various materials, during which he creates useful and aesthetically significant objects and products for play or home decoration, fills his free time with meaningful activities and develops a very important skill - to independently engage himself in interesting activities. According to teachers and psychologists, a child’s mastery of drawing, modeling, appliqué, designing, and making handicrafts is an indicator of a high level of his overall development and preparation for school.
Artistic activity is characterized by greater independence in determining the concept of the work, a conscious choice of means of expression, and sufficiently developed emotional, expressive and technical skills.
In productive activities, children know what they want to portray and can purposefully follow their goal, overcoming obstacles and without abandoning their plan, which now becomes proactive. They are able to portray anything that arouses their interest. The created images become similar to the real object, are recognizable and include many details. These can be not only images of individual objects and plot pictures, but also illustrations of fairy tales and events. Drawing techniques are being improved and complicated. Children can convey the characteristic features of an object: shape, proportions, color. In drawing, they can create color tones and shades, master new ways of working with gouache (wet and dry), use methods of applying a color spot in different ways, and use color as a means of conveying mood, state, attitude towards the image or highlighting the main thing in the drawing. Decorative techniques become available to them.
In modeling, children can create images from nature and from imagination, also conveying the characteristic features of familiar objects and using different methods of modeling (plastic, constructive, combined).
In appliqué, preschoolers learn techniques for cutting out identical shapes or parts from paper folded in half like an accordion. They develop a sense of color when choosing different shades of paper.
Children are able to construct buildings from a variety of building materials according to diagrams, photographs, given conditions, and their own ideas, supplementing them with architectural details; make toys by folding paper in different directions; create figures of people, animals, heroes of literary works from natural materials.
The most important achievement in this educational field is the mastery of composition (frieze, linear, central) taking into account spatial relationships, in accordance with the plot and one’s own design. They can create multi-figure plot compositions, placing objects closer and further away. Children show interest in group work and can negotiate with each other, although they still need the help of the teacher.
Bibliography
- Childhood [Text]: an approximate general educational program for preschool education /T. I. Babaeva, A.G. Gogoberidze, O.V. Solntseva and others - St. Petersburg: Publishing House "Childhood-Press" , 2014. - 321 p.
- Komarova, T.S. Visual activities in kindergarten [Text]: program and methodological recommendations for classes with children 2-7 years old /T. S. Komarova. – M.: Mozaika-Sintez, 2006. – 192 p.
- Methods of teaching visual arts and design [Text]: a textbook for student teachers. schools /T. S. Komarova, N.P. Sakulina, N.B. Khalezova and others; edited by T.S. Komarova. – 3rd ed., revised. – M.: Education, 1991. – 256 p.
- From birth to school [Text]: an exemplary general education program for preschool education (pilot version) / ed. NOT. Veraksy, T.S. Komarova, M.A. Vasilyeva. – M.: MOSAIKA-SYNTHESIS, 2014. – 352 p.
- Success [Text]: an approximate basic educational program for preschool education /N. O. Berezina, I.A. Burlakova [etc.]; edited by N.V. Fedina. – M.: Education, 2011. – 303 p.
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